Pectoralis Minor • Roots: (C6), C7, C8, T1 • Nerve: Medial pectoral nerve. Blood Supply pectoralis draws scapula down. origin: anterior 3 rd-5 th ribs near the costal cartilages A few branches transect the pectoralis minor muscle and enter the PM to provide motor control of the sternocostal head of the muscle. Nerve supply: • Medial pectoral nerve. The medial pectoral nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and is composed of branches of C8 and T1. Pectoralis minor is invested in the costocoracoid membrane. The medial pectoral nerve arises from C8-T1, runs deep to the pectoralis minor, and innervates the pectoralis major and minor muscles. Pectoralis minor: stabilizes the scapula, elevation of upper ribs during respiratory distress. Pectoralis Minor *anterior thorax Flat, thin muscle directly beneath and obscured by pectoralis major Nerve supply: medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C6-C8) Origin: anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5 (or 2-4) Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Action: With ribs fixed, draws scapula forward and downward; with scapula fixed, draws rib cage superiorly Serratus anterior Fan shaped … ral nerve. Pectoralis Major Muscle. anteriolateral surfaces ribs 1-8 vertebral border of scapula long throacic nerve. It is a thick, fan-shaped muscle that lies underneath the breast tissue and forms the anterior wall of the axilla[1]. The pectoralis major is the superior most and largest muscle of the anterior chest wall. Recent studies illustrates that it is quite safe procedure and effective as well for Intraoperative and postoperative pain control in breast surgeries. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. The pectoral nerve (Pecs) block I and II are a novel technique to block the pectoral nerves, intercostal nerves 3 to 6, intercostobrachial nerves and the long thoracic nerve. Remember how up above I discussed how a nerve bundle can get entrapped in your scalene muscles? Nerve gliding/flossing exercises are less effective for those experiencing persistent chronic sciatica symptoms from per experience. As the pectoralis major is reflected laterally, the medial pectoral nerve (712/N182) piercing the pectoralis minor before entering the deep surface of pectoralis major will be encountered, as well as pectoral branches of the thoracoacromial a. Tight calf muscles at the back of the lower leg is a common problem in athletes, especially those who run long distances. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.The medial pectoral nerve contains nerve fibers from the eighth cervical nerve (C8), which comes from the spine in the lower part of the neck, and the first thoracic nerve (T1), which comes from the spine in the upper part of the back. regarding the ultraso-nography of interfascial nerve block [1]. Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall. Assessing the Pec Minor Length. Wiki. AXILLARY NERVE Deltoid (all) C5,6 Teres minor C5,6. Pec major and the anterior fibres of Deltoid work closely together. The origin of pectoralis minor is divided at the coracoid, a 1–2 cm section of the detached muscle end is excised, to prevent reattachment to the brachial plexus. In the axilla the pectoralis minor is a landmark, being closely related to all of the following structures except: cephalic vein cords of the brachial plexus lateral thoracic artery medial pectoral nerve second part of the axillary artery Gentle supine protraction drills focusing on serratus anterior and not the pectoralis minor (see exercise 1 below). Anatomy of pectoralis minor. Stretch pectoralis minor, rhomboids and levator scapulae to prevent adaptive shortening in these muscles (due to unopposed … Costal cartilages of … pectoralis block We read the interesting article by Blanco et al. The medial pectoral nerve originates from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and supplies the posterolateral parts of the sternal head of the pectoralis major as well as the pectoralis minor muscle.The medial pectoral nervemedial pectoral nerveThe medial pectoral nerve (also known as the medial anterior … The axilla is a pyramid-shaped region passing between the upper thoracic wall and root of the neck, and the arm. Lucky for you, Facts & Physio doesn’t endorse outdated, ineffective treatments. minor and forward. Innervation of the serratus anterior. The pectoralis minor muscle lies under the pectoralis major muscle. The pectoralis minor originates from the third, fourth, and fifth ribs and inserts on the scapula. The pectoralis minor helps to stabilize the scapula and has a variety of actions on it, including tilting it forward, and lowering and abducting it. It is an important anatomical landmark in two senses: it arbitrarily divides the axillary artery into 3 parts; it arbitrarily divides the axillary lymph nodes into 3 levels; Summary. [TA] a nerve that arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus to supply the pectoral muscles; usually pierces the pectoralis minor, then continues to supply mainly the sternocostal portion of pectoralis major. Underneath the pectoralis major is the pectoralis minor muscle, a … The medial pectoral nerve innervates the pectoralis minor muscle. Both of these muscles form part of the anterior wall of the axilla region. Its main nervesupply is from the medial pectoral nerves ( C8, T1 ). The LPN carries fibers from C5, C6, Origin: Medial 1/2 of the clavicle. The medial pectoral nerve contains nerve fibers from the eighth cervical … The medial pectoral nerve contains nerve fibers from the eighth cervical … Pectoralis Minor: The pectoralis minor muscle is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest and beneath the pectoralis major in the human body. Medial Pectoral Nerve C 8, T1. ... 3 reasons why pectoralis minor muscle is the supervillain of shoulder and neck pain. Two muscles of this pectoralis muscle are = pectoralis major & pectoralis minor. Insertion: (distal attachments): Coracoid process of scapula. Underneath the pectoralis major is the pectoralis minor muscle, a … It originates from 3rd to 5th ribs and inserts on to the coracoid process of Clavicle as shown in the image. The pectoralis minor muscle is a muscle of the pectoral region lying deep to and completely covered by the pectoralis major muscle.. The medial pectoral nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus with fibers arising from the eighth cervical and first thoracic nerve roots. What bones does the pectoralis minor attach to? General health websites prescribe Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (R.I.C.E) for every muscle ache and pain. They are called pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior and subclavius. Innervation of the Pectoralis Minor. In order for a muscle to contract and function, it must receive electrical impulses from the brain through a nerve or group of nerves, a process that is called innervation. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve. Insertion: • Coracoid process. General health websites prescribe Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (R.I.C.E) for every muscle ache and pain. The pectoralis major muscle is a broad superficial muscle found superficially in the anterior chest wall.In males, it is covered by the deep layer of fascia, subcutaneous tissue and the adjacent skin.In females, it is covered by the breast.The deep surface of the muscle covers the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior muscles and the anterior surface of the upper six ribs. ... its origin being generally overlapped by the upper edge of the Pectoralis minor. TOS occurs when nerves and/or arteries are compressed in the neck or shoulder region. In: StatPearls [Internet]. 2,3. The pectoralis minor originates on the outer surfaces of ribs 3, 4, and 5 and from the fascia of the intercostal muscles. A pectoralis minor that harbors trigger points may be, among others, responsible for pain at the front of your shoulder and your chest. The second portion of the procedure will block the anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves 3 to 6, the intercostobrachial nerves, and the long thoracic nerve. a nerve that arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus to supply the pectoral muscles; usually pierces the pectoralis minor, then continues to supply mainly the sternocostal portion of pectoralis major. Pectoralis minor syndrome (PMS) is a condition causing pain, numbness and tingling in the hand and arm. courses on the posterior wall of the axilla (on subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major) 3 Branches in axilla. Nerve supply of the pectoralis minor is a function of the lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve. And when the pectoralis minor contracts, it pulls on the coracoid process inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall, providing stability to the scapula by holding it tight to the thorax. Treatment. The lateral pectoral nerve weaves into the brachial plexus and is involved as well making the nerve roots C5-T1. The symptoms are similar to those of TOS: Pain, weakness, numbness and tingling in the hand and arm. Location: The pectoralis minor is a small, thick muscle that lies in the chest region near the shoulder, underneath the larger pectoralis major muscle. subclavius first rib clavicle nerve to subclavius and forward. Pec-fly and push-up exercises work the Pectoralis major. Tests, such as scalene muscle and pectoralis minor muscle blocks are employed to confirm a … In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the muscles of the pectoral region – their attachments, actions and innervation. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve. The lateral pectoral nerve is medial to the pectoralis minor before entering the pectoralis major muscle; it communicates across the axillary artery with the medial pectoral nerve and, through this communication (via ansa pectoralis), supplies the pectoralis minor. The lateral pectoral nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus and is composed of branches of C5, C6, and C7. It provides control of the clavicular head and cross-innervates the sternocostal head of the muscle. The medial pectoral nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and is composed of branches of C8 and T1. posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm Synonym (s): nervus pectoralis medialis [TA], medial anterior thoracic nerve. Origin. The medial pectoral nerve (medial anterior thoracic) arises from the medial cord (sometimes directly from the anterior division of the inferior trunk) of the brachial plexus and through it from the eighth cervical and first thoracic roots. This will then lead to those nerve pain symptoms going all the way down your shoulder … The muscle inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula. Nerve supply of the serratus anterior is provided by the long thoracic nerve, rising from the C5, C6, and C7 roots of … Pectoralis major is the largest and most superficial of the two chest muscles. Trigger points in these 3 muscles cause referred pain on the inside of the forearm: the latissimus dorsi, the pectoralis major, and the pectoralis minor. The pectoralis major is the most superficial muscle in the pectoral region. It may also be innervated … Also the Modiied Pectoralis minor nerve block becomes more familiar nowadays study which was done by Blanco in 2011 about pectoralis minor among anaesthetists compared to paravertebral and thoracic epidural nerve block and the need of postoperative analgesics in those patients [8]. Occasionally, it also may arise from the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks of the brachial plexus. Medial pectoral nerves (C8 and T1) Lucky for you, Facts & Physio doesn’t endorse outdated, ineffective treatments. Pectoralis Minor: Origin, Insertion, Nerve Supply & Action. It’s innervated by both medial and lateral pectoral nerves. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve. The medial pectoral nerve, also known as the medial anterior thoracic nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and supplies both the pectoralis minor and major muscles.. Two or three branches pierce the muscle and end in the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major muscle. These nerves are transected as they are encountered in the surgical dissection. Well, that same nerve bundle can get entrapped underneath the Pec Minor tendon. D. The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the _____. Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula. This is particularly important in … The pectoralis muscle is connected to the front walls of the chest with the bones of the upper arm & shoulder. Intercostobrachial nerve. The Pecs II targets the interfacial plane between the pectoralis major muscle and the pectoralis minor muscle as does the Pecs I but also targets the interfacial plane between the pectoralis minor muscle and the serratus anterior muscle, aiming to block intercostal nerves 3 to 6, intercostobrachial and the long thoracic nerves, all of which are necessary for axillary node … The Pectoralis Minor muscle lies underneath the Pectoralis major in the chest – frontal aspect. DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE Levator scapulae C4,5 Rhomboideus minor C(4),5 Rhomboideus major C(4),5. the clavicle. The pectoral region is located on the anterior chest wall. Nerve supply of the pectoralis minor is a function of the lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve. The pectoralis major muscle is a thick, fan-shaped, situated anteriorly at the chest of the human body. The blood supply to the pectoralis major comes from the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk. These blocks can be used to provide analgesia for a variety of anterior thoracic wall surgeries, most commonly breast surgery … https://integrativeworks.com/pectoralis-minor-functional-anatomy a. A. The pectoralis minor lies beneath the pectoralis major. The medial pectoral nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus with fibers arising from the eighth cervical and first thoracic nerve roots. The third is called pectoralis minor syndrome because the entrapment/ compression occurs between the pectoralis minor and the rib cage. Pectoralis minor is a small muscle in the front of the body attaching from the coracoid process at the front of the shoulder back to the 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th rib. The origins of the levator scapula are from the _____ of four cervical vertebrae. It attaches the front of the shoulder blade to ribs 3, 4, and 5, pulling the shoulder and shoulder blade down. • Note that pectoralis minor heads could be cross innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerve, hence the... • … The fourth type of TOS occurs due to the presence of a genetic anomaly that creates what is called a cervical rib, which is a formation of bone off the seventh cervical vertebra (C7). Entrapment by the pectoralis minor muscle can block blood and nerve flow to the arms causing pain, tingling, numbness (dysesthesia) and unusual sensations (parasthesias). Origin: • From 3rd, 4th & 5th ribs close to their costal cartilages. The pectoralis minor is a thin, flat muscle found immediately underneath the pectoralis major. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Some individuals with pectoralis minor syndrome will have every abnormality … It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in the male and lies under the breast in case of the female. Note that pectoralis major heads could be cross innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerve, hence the variation and range of root origins for these nerves. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.The medial pectoral nerve contains nerve fibers from the eighth cervical nerve (C8), which comes from the spine in the lower part of the neck, and the first thoracic nerve (T1), which comes from the spine in the upper part of the back. Pectoralis muscles are the muscles that form the connection between the front part of the human chest and the bones that are present in the upper arm, rib cage, and shoulders. • Innervation Route: (C6), C7, C8, T1 → medial pectoral nerve → pectoralis minor. Pect major: pectoralis major muscle; Pect minor: pectoralis minor muscle Discussion The LPN is a branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. ribs 3-5 coracoid process of scapula medial pectoral nerve. Gross anatomy Origin. Action: • … There are two muscles of the pectoralis muscle which is attached to each side of the sternum means breastbone in the human body. Supplies cutaneous sensation to the upper arm (superior half of the medial and posterior parts). The PMi is a fan-shaped muscle of the shoulder girdle, originating from the external surfaces of the anterior portion of the third to fifth ribs and inserting onto the coracoid process of the scapula (see figure 1). 2021 Jul 26. Innervation. By The latter injection blocks the lateral branch of the T2-4 spinal nerves, and possibly the anterior branch if sufficient LA penetrates the external intercostal muscles. Since the pectoralis minor connects the shoulder blade to the chest, and at the same time is close to nerves and vessels, the term pectoralis minor syndrome implies (1) abnormal mechanics of the shoulder blade plus (2) abnormalities involving the adjacent nerves and vessels. Although it is the “little brother” of the pectoralis major, it has a different function as you will learn soon. The pectoralis minor muscle may refer pain to the anterior deltoid region or to the ulnar side of the arm, hand, and fingers and may entrap the axillary artery and brachial plexus to mimic cervical radiculopathy (Simons et al 1999).Like the pectoralis major, shortened pectoralis minor muscles may affect posture, producing round shoulders and a head-forward posture. The medial pectoral nerve innervates the pectoralis minor muscle. Pectoralis Minor Origin and Insertion. UPPER SUBSCAPULAR NERVE Subscapularis C5,6,(7) Pectoralis minor helps in the inhalation process, serratus anterior helps move the arm to the front of the body, and the trapezius is the muscle that is the prime mover in shrugging shoulders (Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle & Upper Limbs: Structure, Movement & … Modified Pectoralis minor nerve block becomes more familiar nowadays among anaesthetists compared to paravertebral and thoracic epidural nerve blocks with breast surgeries. A minor function of the pectoralis minor is the downward rotation of the scapula when the arms are lowered. The antagonist muscles of this action are the trapezius and the lower fibers of the serratus anterior. A PECS (ultrasound-guided medial and lateral pectoralis nerve) block is a less invasive technique for providing analgesia after breast surgery compared with standard approaches such as thoracic epidural, paravertebral, intercostal nerve, and interpleural blocks. superior border of pectoralis minor, the second part is deep to pectoralis minor, and the third part is located between the inferior borders of pectoralis minor and teres major muscles, after which it is known as the brachial artery.5 The axillary artery … Local anesthetic placement is between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor as for a Pecs I block and then between pectoralis minor and serratus anterior. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the _____. The pectoralis minor’s very strong tendon overlies the brachial plexus of nerves and the axillary artery that make up the neurovascular bundle that serves the arm. SUBCLAVIAN NERVE Subclavius C5,6. Pressure: at the level of the pain threshold (first sensation of discomfort) Work on the cutaneous branches of the C7-T1 spinal nerves (origin of the innervation of the pectoralis minor muscle). It often coexists with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) but can also occur alone. intercostals nerves thoracic nerve inguinal nerve left scapular nerve. Care is taken to preserve the lateral pectoral nerves to pectoralis major. After the medial pectoral nerve entered the pectoralis minor muscle, it usually divided into the medial and lateral primary branches, each of which was further divided into three to four secondary branches at 28.36% of the muscle length. blocks with breast surgeries. It consists of a clavicular part and a sternal part, both converging to a flat tendon that inserts on the humerus. The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve and the lateral pectoral nerve [8] Tang A, Bordoni B. Anatomy, Thorax, Muscles. pectoralis block We read the interesting article by Blanco et al. Proper treatment, rehabilitation under expert supervision and regular exercises in post-recovery period are must to recover from the pectoralis major and minor pain or keep the pain in control. near the lateral pectoral nerve (arrow). The medial pectoral nerve pierces both the pectoralis minor and the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major. The scapula has long been recognized as a key component in shoulder motion and a crucial part of the kinetic chain connecting the body's core and upper extremity. PECTORALIS MINOR It lies underneath pectoralis major. Origin: (proximal attachments): Anterior surfaces of the sternal ends of ribs 3-5. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Biceps brachii C5,6 Brachialis (& radial) C5,6 Coracobrachialis C6,7. However, it tends to become a supervillain for upper body pain in the clinical setting. It contains four muscles that exert a force on the upper limb: the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior and subclavius. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in the male and lies under the breast in case of the female. PMID: 30855905.. Pectoralis Minor Syndrome: Subclavicular Brachial Plexus Compression. The pectoralis minor (PM) has garnered increasing attention as we better understand scapular kinematics and its role in shoulder pain and dysfunction. Ultrasound-guided block of the lateral and medial pectoral nerves, also known as the ‘pecs’ block, is a recently introduced technique that may be useful in multimodal anal-gesia during breast surgery, and Pectoralis minor is a thin, triangular muscle, located at the upper part of the chest, beneath the Pectoralis major. a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the pectoralis major in the human body. This fascial structure forms a sheet that extends across the upper chest to also invest the subclavius. Shekhar Suman. Attachments of Pectoralis Minor Muscle: Origin & Insertion. serratus rotates scapula draws. The pectoral plane nerve block—PECS II is simply a PEC I block with additional injection of local anesthetic between the deep fascia or the pectoralis minor muscle and the superficial serratus anterior muscle to block the lateral branches of the T2-T4 intercostal nerves and occasionally the long thoracic nerve . a PECS 1 block, in addition to a further 20 mL LA injection between pectoralis minor and serratus anterior at the 3rd rib level. The pectoralis (pec) minor muscle is the often forgotten little brother of the pectoralis major muscle. Local anesthetic placement is between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor as for a Pecs I block and then between pectoralis minor and serratus anterior. The pectoralis major muscle is a thick, fan-shaped, situated anteriorly at the chest of the human body. Action. The pectoralis minor is encased in the clavipectoral fascia that descends from the clavicle and covers the axillary vessels and cords of the brachial plexus. DOI: 10.18650/2374-4448.23009 Corpus ID: 212584252; Pectoralis Minor Nerve Block versus Thoracic Epidural and Paravertebral Block in Perioperative Pain … Pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle contributing to the thoracobrachial motion. The medial pectoral nerve, also known as the medial anterior thoracic nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and supplies both the pectoralis minor and major muscles.. In the video, the application of superficial friction on the … Insertion. 3rd to 5th ribs near their costal cartilages. Its function is to pull the shoulder blade forward and down though it can also elevate the rib cage in certain actions. This is the smaller of the two pectoral muscles, or muscles of the chest. b. Save as many of these structures as possible; some may require cutting to complete the muscle reflection. In many instances the symptoms of petoralis major and minor pain seems quite similar to angina pectoralis when the differentiation could be made by a cardiac specialist. draws shoulder down. Nerve and Blood Supply [edit ... pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, iliocostalis lumborum, ... main part of the serratus anterior lies deep to the scapula and the pectoral muscles and is easily palpated between the … The diagnosis of brachial plexus compression-either neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) or neurogenic pectoralis minor syndrome (NPMS)-is based on old fashioned history and physical examination. It then enters the deep surface of the pectoralis minor muscle, where it divides into a number of branches, which supply the muscle. Treatment. Pectoralis Minor Innervation. Nerve supply of the serratus anterior is provided by the long thoracic nerve, rising from the C5, C6, and C7 roots of … Innervation of the serratus anterior. Here we explain causes and exercises for … Like many little brothers, it can cause problems far beyond its size. There might still be some benefits, just not very obvious. pectoralis minor: ribs 3-5: coracoid process of the scapula: draws the scapula forward, medialward, and downward: medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk: branches of medial pectoral nerve usually pierce pectoralis minor to reach the pectoralis major muscle: pronator quadratus The pectoralis minor is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve. The pectoralis minor muscle itself is harmless and helps support our ribs and shoulders. A PECS (ultrasound-guided medial and lateral pectoralis nerve) block is a less invasive technique for providing analgesia after breast surgery compared with standard approaches such as thoracic epidural, paravertebral, intercostal nerve, and interpleural blocks. Gross anatomy Origin. Pectoral nerve block (PECs) was first described by Blanco et al. The Pectoralis Minor is a short chest muscle that often becomes very tight, particularly due to poor posture. The medial pectoral nerves pierced the pectoralis minor muscle and entered the pectoralis major muscle approximately 3 and 4 inches below the clavicle. PECS block) ? • Lateral pectoral nerve (with pectoral artery and vein): courses above the superior border of pectoralis minor, then into the deep surface of pectoralis major • Medial pectoral nerve: penetrates (and innervates) the pectoralis minor first, then passes into pectoralis major. These nerves traverse through the pectoralis minor and dividing them leads to atrophy of the pectoralis major. Pectoralis Minor. 1. Therefore, the pec major is innervated by BOTH pectoral nerves. 1. relies upon the placement of local anesthetic into the plane lying between the pectoralis major and the pectoralis minor muscles (pecs 1 block) which was devised to … Pain Patterns & Symptoms. The Pectoralis Minor Muscle. The second portion of the procedure will block the anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves 3 to 6, the intercostobrachial nerves, and the long thoracic nerve. It is also important in the referred pain from a … The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.The medial pectoral nerve contains nerve fibers from the eighth cervical nerve (C8), which comes from the spine in the lower part of the neck, and the first thoracic nerve (T1), which comes from the spine in the upper part of the back. There exist 4 muscles of this type. The Pectoralis Minor is the smallest muscle of the two pectoral (chest) muscles. It arises from the second, third, and fourth ribs and runs upward to attach to a bony protrusion underneath the clavicle known as the coracoid process. regarding the ultraso-nography of interfascial nerve block [1]. clavicular nerves ulnar nerves sternal nerve pectoral nerves. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–. Ultrasound-guided block of the lateral and medial pectoral nerves, also known as the ‘pecs’ block, is a recently introduced technique that may be useful in multimodal anal-gesia during breast surgery, and The pectoralis minor is a relatively small muscle that lies deep to the much larger pectoralis major muscle in the front of the upper chest. • Sternocostal Head: C6, C7, C8, T1 → anterior pectoral nerve → medial pectoral nerve → sternocostal head of pectoralis major branch. 2,3. The lower part of the pec is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerve from cervical levels five, six, seven, and thoracic level one. superficial branch radial nerve; dorsal digital branch; Origin: Radial nerve originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus (C5-T1) behind axillary artery; Course: Posterior wall axilla.
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